Logical Reasoning|| Chapter -1: Logical venn diagram

📝 Chapter 1: Logical Venn Diagram

Introduction: He Zirlai Logical venn Diagram hi Competitive exam na ah a pawimawh em em a, awlsam tak anga lang mahse mistake kan neih tam na a nih duh lawi si.. Competitive exam hrang hrang a pawimawh thin te lak khawm ani a Mizo leh english hman a ni bawk.Heng a hnuai ah hian hrilhfiahna pawimawh tak tak te ka dah tel bawk e.

— Elisa Lalrinngheta(Zo Guide)

Venn diagram-te hian set hrang hrangte inkungkaihna chu bial (circles) hmangin fiah takin an tarlang thin a ni.

🕵️Venn Diagram Chi hrang hrang te:

✅Logical Venn Diagram: Set hrang hrangte inkara inzawmna (logical relationships) tarlanna atan.

✅Venn Diagram Chawh Turte (Problems): Set chungchanga harsatna (problems) hrang hrangte chinfel nan.

Logical Venn Diagram hian group emaw, thil hrang hrangte inkungkaihna a tifiah a, thil hriatthiam harsa leh khirhkhan takte pawh awlsam zawkin a hriat theih a ni. Hei hi set-te inkara union, intersection, leh exclusion-te hriatfiahna hmanraw tangkai tak a ni bawk.

✅Key Concepts:

1. Set Representation (Set Lantirna):

Venn Diagram-a bial tin hian 'set' (thil inang rual emaw nihna inang neite awm khawm) a entir a ni.

🕵️Entirnan: "Doctor-te" entirtu bial chhungah chuan doctor zawng zawng an awm vek tihna a ni.

2. Intersection (Inpawhna):

Bial pahnih emaw a aia tam emaw in-overlap (inbawh thuah) na hmun hian, hmun hnihnaa awm ve ve thil (common elements) a entir a ni.

🤷Entirnan: "Doctor-te" leh "Scientist-te" inkara intersection hian doctor leh scientist ni kawp te a huam a ni.

3. Union:

Set pahnih emaw a aia tam emaw union hian a thuah lova set tina thil awm zawng zawng lak khawm a kawk a ni.

🕵️Entirnan: "Zawhte" (Cats) leh "Ui" (Dogs) union hian zawhte zawng zawng leh ui zawng zawng, in-overlap miah lovin a huam a ni.

4. Disjoint Sets:

Bial (circles) in-khawih miah lo hian set pahnih thil in-tawm (common elements) neilo a kawk a ni.

🕵️Entirnan: "Sava-te" (Birds) leh "Sangha-te" (Fish) bialte hi group hrang hlak an nih chuan disjoint an ni thei ang.

5. Subset:

Bial pakhat dang chhunga a awm vek hian set pakhat chu set dang subset (a hnuaia mi emaw a peng) a ni tih a kawk a ni.

🕵️Entirnan: "Apples" bial hi "Fruits" bial chhunga a awm hian apple zawng zawng chu thei (fruits) an ni tih a lantir a ni.

✅🤷Engtin nge Logic Venn diagram zawhna hi kan chhan ang?🤔

Entirna tlangpui hmangin i lo thlir ho teh ang.

Q) A hnuaia Venn diagram-te zingah hian eng hian nge heng hlawmte inlaichinna hi lantir tha ber:

Banana (Banhla), Food (Ei tur), leh Fruit (Thei)

🕵️Step 1: Pawl (Set) tinte hriatthiamna

Banana (Banhla): Banhla hi thei chi khat a ni a. Thei (fruit) huang chhungah a tel a ni.

Fruit (Thei): Thei hi ei tur (food) chi khat a ni. Thei chi hrang hrang apple te, balhla te, sêrthlum (orange) te leh a dang tam tak a awm.

Food (Ei tur/chaw): Ei tur hi heta huang zau ber chu a ni. Heta hian kan thil ei hrang hrang thei te, thlai te, buh leh thlai dangte a tel vek a ni.

🕵️Step 2: Thil inzawmna enfiahna

Banhla hi thei chi khat a ni a. Chuvangin, Banhla huang chu Thei huang chhungah a awm vek a ni.

Thei hi ei tur chi khat a ni. Chuvangin, Thei huang chu Ei tur (Food) huang chhungah a awm vek a ni.

Ei tur zawng zawng hi thei a ni vek lo a, thei zawng zawng hi balhla a ni vek hek lo.

🕵️Step 3: Venn Diagram siam leh hming vuah dan

A bial lian ber hian 'Ei tur' (Food) a entir ang, ei tlak zawng zawng a huam vangin.

Ei tur bial chhungah chuan 'Thei' (Fruit) tan bial te deuh a awm tur a ni, thei zawng zawng hi ei tur (food) peng khat an nih vangin.

Thei bial chhung lehzelah chuan 'Banhla' (Banana) tan bial te ber a awm tur a ni, banhla chu thei chi khat a nih vangin.

🕵️Step 4: Venn Diagram tawpna

Ei tur (Food) bial chu a lian ber a ni.

Thei (Fruit) bial chu Ei tur bial chhungah a awm vek a ni.

Balhla (Banana) bial chu Thei bial chhungah a awm vek a ni a,a te ber ang.

Chuti chuan Banhla (Banana), Ei tur (Food), leh Thei (Fruit) inzawmna tarlang chiang ber tu Venn diagram chu a hnuai ami hi a ni:

📝🕵️Steps to solve Venn Diagrams: To solve Venn diagrams, start by filling in the most specific information (the innermost intersection of all sets) and work outward, subtracting these values from the total counts of each set. Use a rectangular frame to represent the universal set and clearly label all overlapping circles. Key steps include focusing on intersections, filling in unique regions, and accounting for items outside the circles.

🤷In Mizo:

1.Bialte hming vuah (Labeling Circles):

Fiahna atan bial tinte hming vuah rawh.

2.Lem siam dan (Constructing Diagram):

Bial hmangin Venn diagram hi siam rawh.

3.Inlaichinna zirchianna (Analyzing Relationships):

Set-te chu engtin nge an inlaichin tih enfiah rawh.

4.Set-te hriatfiahna (Understanding Sets):

He thila tel 'class' emaw 'set' tinte hi hriatthiam tum rawh.

🕵️Venn Diagram Hmanga Ngaihtuahna

Class/set tinte hriatthiamna

Set tinte inlaichinna bihchianna

Circle hmanga Venn Diagram siam

Circle tinte a hming (set) pek

✅Hriattur: Zawhna thenkhatah chuan, examiner-in Venn diagram a rawn pe thin a, chu diagram nena inrem ber thlan tur kan zawn a ngai thin. Entirna dang hmangin i hrethiam leh zual teh ang.

Zawhna: He Venn diagram hian a hnuaia thil thlan tur zingah hian eng ber hi nge a entir chian ber?

1.Football ngaina tute, Cricket khel tute, Zirlai,

2.Hmeichhia, Lam thiam, Hla sa thiam

3.Triangle, Quadrilateral, Square,

5.Protons, Electrons, Atoms

By Using the process:

🕵️Step 1: Diagram Hriatthiamna

Diagram-in a lantirte:

✅Veilam pangah hian circle pahnih, pakhat zawk chhunga pakhat awm a awm.

✅Dinglam pangah circle pathumna (a hrangin) a awm a, hei hi circle dang pahnihte nen khan an inzawm lo.

🕵️Step 2: Circle-te Hrilhfiahna

✅Veilam panga circle lian zawk chhunga circle te zawk awm hian a hrilh chu, set te zawk (inner circle) hi set lian zawk (outer circle) peng (subset) a ni tihna a ni. Hei hian circle te zawk chhunga awm zawng zawngte hi circle lian zawk huam chhung vek an ni tihna a ni.

✅Dinglam panga circle awm hi circle dangte nen an inbawhthuah (overlap) lo. Hei hian set hrang hlak, hmasa pahnihte nena inzawmna nei miah lo a kawk a ni.

🕵️Step 3: Option-te Thliar Thiamna

✅Option 1: Football fans, Cricket players, Students

Heta set-te hi an inhmeh lo, a chhan chu zirlaite hi football ngainatu emaw cricket khelhtu emaw an ni kawp thei a ni (i.e. zirlaite chu football fans leh cricket players an ni kawp thei). Mahse, diagram-ah hian circle-te hi an inbawhthuah miah loh avangin, he option hi a ni thei lo.

✅Option 2: Girls, Dancers, Singers

He option pawh hi a rem lo, a chhan chu hmeichhia, lam thiam, leh hla sa thiamte hi an inbawhthuah thei vek a (entirnan, hmeichhia chu lam thiam leh hla sa thiam a ni kawp thei), mahse diagram hian circle pakhat chu a hrang hlakin a lantir si a ni.

🕵️3.Option 3: Triangle, Quadrilateral, Square

🤷Hei hi a inmil hle:

Square hi quadrilateral chi khat a ni (chuvangin square chu quadrilateral bial (circle) lian zawk chhunga bial te zawk angin a awm ang).

Triangle chu quadrilateral lakah a hrang hlak a (chuvangin triangle chu dinglamah bial hran angin a lang ang).

.🕵️Option 4: Protons, Electrons, Atoms

He option hi a inmil lo, a chhan chu protons leh electrons-te hi atoms chhunga awm (part of atoms) an ni a, an inzawm/overlap tihna a ni; mahse diagram-ah hian circle pakhat leh a dangte inzawmna a lang lo.

🕵️Step 4: Thutlipna (Conclusion)

Venn diagram nena inmil ber chu Option 3: Triangle, Quadrilateral, Square a ni, a chhan chu:

Square hi quadrilateral huang chhunga mi a ni (bial pakhat chhungah bial dang awm angin tarlan a ni).

Triangle chu quadrilateral a ni lo (bial hran angin tarlan a ni).

Chuvangin, chhanna dik chu Option 3: Triangle, Quadrilateral, Square a ni.

Q2.Select the Venn diagram that best represents the given set of classes.

Austria, Denmark, Countries

🤷Explanation:

Austria and Denmark are both individual countries. Austria and Denmark are each represented by separate circles within the Countries circle. Since they are different countries the circles do not overlap.

Countries is the broader category that includes both Austria and Denmark. Hence Countries are represented by the largest circle. The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Austria, Denmark and Countries are shown below: