Profit and Loss Mizo tawnga Hrilhfiahna(for competitive exam). By: Elisa Hauheng

            

                       Topic:  Profit and Loss

                 Profit and loss chungchang hi Sumdawng mite leh kan ni tin nun ah kan sum chet vel dan hriat nan te, a tangkai em em a.A hmasa in heng term hrang hrang te leh a awmzia hi lo sawi hmasa lawk ila.

1.Cost Price (CP): Miin a lei emaw a siamna atan a sên zat. 

2.Selling Price (SP): Hralhna atan man zat. 

3. Profit(P): Miin a lei man (Cost Price) aiin a to zawka a hralh (Selling Price) anih chuan, a man hi "Profit" emaw "Gain" kan ti thin a a leina man aia a to zawka a hralhna kha anih ber chu.

4.Loss: A hming atang reng pawh hian a chiang mai awm e.Thil eng emaw kan lo lei ta a, chu kan thil lei a chu kan leina aia tlawm a kan zawrh/hralh chhawn leh hian kan loss tih na ani.

( I lei man ai i zawrh man a tlem zawk chuan 'sum hloh' or loss a ni.)

Chhut dan (Formula):

                                

Sum Hloh = Lei Man (Cost Price) - Zawrh Man (Selling Price)

                                                                                      

Entirnan:  

Nangin bungraw ₹30-a in lei la, Midang hnenah ₹25 in kan zuar leh  a nih chuan, ₹5-a kan hloh a ni (₹30 - ₹25 = ₹5). 

5.Marked Price Formula (MP): Hemi ve thung ah hi chuan Dawr nghak tu lo tehkhin ta ila,chu Dawr nghak tu pa chuan a customer lo kal te tan a bungrua/a thil zawrh lai a man aia tlawm a pek a in huam thu a lo sawi ta a.

Ti chuan a profit na leh a loss na tiang hian kan zawng thei ang.

________________________________________________

Discount = Marked Price – Selling Price

 Discount Percentage = (Discount/Marked price) x 100

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Hriatzaunan: (Bazar vela kan kal a hriat tur pawimawh te)

Q.Engtin nge an label/chhinchhiah thin? (How do they label it?🤔).

            Dawr neitute hian an bungruate chu hetiang hian an chhinchhiah/label thin:

1)."Sale" or "Discount" label: Hetiang label hi an hmang deuh ber, "Hralhchhuah tur" emaw "Man tlawm" tihna a ni.

2).Percentage Off (% chhawpchhuah): Entirnan, "50% Off" tih te an hmang a, a man chanve in a zangkhai tihna a ni.

3).BOGO (Buy One Get One): "Pakhat leiin pakhat free" tih te an hmang bawk, pakhat man theuhva pahnih pek tihna a ni.

4).Limited Time Offer: "A châm chin a awm" or "Hun reilote chhung chauh" tih te an hmang a, hei hian rang taka lei theih nan a tur thin.

Note: Vishal a kal tum tan phei chu hriat ngei ngei ngai😆.

           Formula Pawimawh em em mai te: 

1. Profit= SP - CP

2.Loss = CP - SP

3.CP = Loss + SP  emaw CP= 100.           x SP

                                                 100+profit % 

Or 

CP= 100.      x SP

       100-loss%

4.Profit% =. Profit.   x 100

                        CP

5. Loss% = loss.     x 100

                       CP

6.SP= profit + CP = CP - Loss

Emaw,

SP= 100+ profit %.  x CP.   Or SP= 100-loss% x CP

                 100                                          100

Examples: 

Q.1. Suppose a shopkeeper has bought 1 kg of apples for 100 rs. And sold it for Rs. 120 per kg. How much is the profit gained by him?

Solution:

Cost Price for apples is 100 rs.

Selling Price for apples is 120 rs.

Then profit gained by shopkeeper is ; P = SP – CP

P = 120 – 100 = Rs. 20/-

Q.2: For the above example calculate the percentage of the profit gained by the shopkeeper.

Solution:

We know, Profit percentage = (Profit /Cost Price) x 100

Therefore, Profit percentage = (20/100) x 100 = 20%.

Q.3: A man buys a fan for Rs. 1000 and sells it at a loss of 15%. What is the selling price of the fan?

Solution: Cost Price of the fan is Rs.1000

Loss percentage is 15%

As we know, Loss percentage = (Loss/Cost Price) x 100

15% = (Loss/1000) x 100

Therefore, Loss = 150 Rs.

As we know,

Loss = Cost Price – Selling Price

So, Selling Price = Cost Price – Loss

= 1000 – 150

Selling Price = R.850/-

Q.4: If a pen cost Rs.50 after 10% discount, then what is the actual price or marked price (MP) of the pen?

Solution:

Since, we know;

MP – D = SP

where MP is marked price, D is discount, SP is selling price.

Percentage discount, D% = D/MP x 100

⇒ D = (D% x MP)/100

Substitute value of D in above formula.

MP – (D% x MP)/100 = SP

MP x (100-D%)/100 = SP

Putting the given values in formula

MP x (100 – 10) /100 = 50

MP x (90/100) = 50

MP = (50 x 100)/90

MP = Rs. 55.55/-

                 MPSC Question Thenkhat te:

Q1.A lemon is bought at the rate of 11 for a rupee and an equal number more at the rate of 9 for a rupee. If the combined lot is sold at 10 for a rupee, find the gain or loss percent.[Asst. MPSC-2010]

Ans: lemon a lei na zawng zawng man zat Rs.1(Pakhat) lo nita se

 CP of 11 lemons chuan = Rs. 1 , chuti anih chuan

CP of 1 lemon = Rs. 1 /11 alo ni ang.

Chutiang bawkin, 

9 lemons CP chuan = Rs.1 tho ani dawn a

 CP of 1 lemon = Rs.1/9 a lo tluk ve thung ang.

Tunah chuan,

CP of 2 lemons = 1/11 +1/9=Rs.20/ 99

Tichuan, 

SP of 10 lemon chuan = Rs.1 

SP of 1 lemon = Rs.1/10

SP of 2 lemon = Rs.1/10 x2 = 1/5

Tichuan a loss zat chu=

20/99 - 1/5 = 1/495

Loss% =1 /495 x 100= 1/495 x 99/20 x 100 = 1%

               20/99

Practice Questions:

1.A table is sold at Rs. 5060 with 10% profit. What would be the gain or loss percentage if it had been sold at Rs. 4370?

2.Suppose the CP of 20 pens is the same as the SP of some pens. If the profit is 25%, then what is the number of pens sold?

3.A dishonest dealer sells goods at a 10% loss on cost price but uses 20% less weight. Compute profit or loss percentage.

4.. On selling a fan for Rs. 810, Rema gain 8%. For how much he purchased it?[District organiser 2019]

a) Rs 250

b) Rs. 600

c) Rs 700

d)Rs 650

5. I gain 70 paise on Rs.70. My gain percent is[UDC 19-Transport)]

a) 0.1%

b) 1%

c) 7%

d) 10%

                             Thank you.